Antonio Vivaldi
(1678-1741), Italian composer and violinist, was the most influential of his age. He was born March 4, 1678, in Venice, and was trained by his father, a violinist at Saint Mark's Cathedral. He was ordained a priest in 1703 and began teaching that year at the Ospedale della Piet�, a conservatory for orphaned girls. He was associated with the Piet�, usually as music director, until 1740, training the students, composing concertos and oratorios for weekly concerts, while establishing an international reputation. From 1713 on, Vivaldi was also active as an opera composer and producer in Venice and traveled to Rome, Mantua, and to other countries to oversee performances of his operas. In ...
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years, and some of Vivaldi's violin concertos and sonatas exist only as transcriptions, mostly for harpsichord, made by Bach.
Vivaldi's concertos provided a model for this genre throughout Europe, affecting the style even of his older contemporaries. Over 300 of his concertos are solo concertos ( there are 220 for violin, others for bassoon, cello, oboe, and flute). Others are concerti grossi, 25 for two solo violins and 32 for three or more instruments. A few are ripieno concertos.
Vivaldi was the first composer who always used the ritornello form. He established the three-movement format for the concerto and was among the first to introduce cadenzas for soloists. His opus 8 concertos entitled The Four Seasons are early examples of orchestral program music. Like most of his music, they are marked by vigorous rhythms and strong contrasts.
He died in Vienna on July 28, ...
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"Antonio Vivaldi." Essayworld.com. December 26, 2007. Accessed March 5, 2025. http://www.essayworld.com/essays/Antonio-Vivaldi/76479.
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