Bosnia-Hercegovina
The origin of the arms with the argent between 6 fleur-de-lys,
which is now on the flag of the republic of , has long
puzzled me, but they are in fact the arms of the Kotromanic family, which
ruled Bosnia in the 14th and 1 5th centuries. Other arms have also been
attributed to Bosnia in the 19th century.
I finally thought of a way to get at this question of the origin
of the current Bosnian flag: numismatics, of course. I found a book by one
Ivan Rengjeo, Corpus der mittel-alterlichen Mnnzen von Kroatien, Slavonien,
Dalmatien und Bosnien, Graz, 1959, which is as exhaustive as you can get
on the topic (coins from those regions, that is). I have also consulted an
article by Pavao Andelic on ...
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Croatia appointed bans, or local governors; and, in
typical medieval fashion, these bans took advantage of any weakness of the
central monarchy to carve out territories for themselves.
In the early 14th c., the ban of Croatia was Pavao (Paul) Subic of
Brebir or Breberio (a town in Dalmatia which was given to the family in
1222): his father and grandfather were counts or Trau or Trogir, his
cousins were counts of Spalato or Split. This p owerful man titles himself
ban of Croatia and dominus Bosniae, and appoints his brother Mladen I
Subic (1302-04) and later his eldest son Mladen II (1312-14) as ban of
Bosnia. His second son Georg was count of Trau and Split, his third son
Pavao was count of Trau. By the third generation, however, the family had
lost its power. This first dynasty of bans issued byzantine-style coins,
with no heraldry. Their seals, however, show the Subic arms: an eagle wing
displayed, and 5 flowers with stems as crest (mi sread by Siebmacher as
ostrich-feathers). ...
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1421-43) used a seal similar to his father's, with the arms
of the Kotromanic family itself, which are the bend between 6 fleur-de-lys,
a crowned helm with thesame crest.
New coins are issued starting in 1436, markedly Western in style,
which display a full-blown achievement: an escutcheon bearing the letter T,
crowned with an open crown of fleur-de-lys. The helm is crowned and the
crest is a hop-flower on a long stem. The letter T seems to stand for the
name of the king. Later, around 1450, impressive new gold coins show the
Kotromanic arms. The last kings are Stjepan Tomas Kotromanic (1444-61) and
Stjepan Tomasevic Kotrmomanic (1461-63). The kingdom disappears in 1463
when he is ...
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