Commonwealth

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local Irish and became even more Irish than the Irish themselves. Religious Problems: Henry VIII replaced the Roman Catholic Church in England with the Protestant Church of England in 1536. He attempted to introduce his religious policies into Catholic Ireland by closing down Catholic churches and monasteries. Queen Mary I tried to giving land in Ireland to English, Scottish and Welsh settlers. This was the start of the Plantation of Ireland. Queen Elizabeth I sending Protestant and managed to bring all of the country under English rule. Irish land was systematically colonised. Elizabeth was afraid that the Spanish would use Ireland as a first step for invading England. The settlers did not mix with the native Catholic population. Irish Catholic rebelled against the Protestant settlers. Oliver Cromwell arrived in Ireland to re-establish English rule. By 1651 the population had been halved as a result of conflict, hunger and disease. Cromwell introduced many anti-Irish laws. The 17th ...

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occured and both the Irish language and Gaelic games experienced a revival. The Easter Rising: Irish nationalism was becoming stronger and a nationalist group was founded. The IRB also continued to exist. These organisations believed that Britain would never allow Ireland freedom unless forced to do so by the use of violence. The IRB, the Irish Volunteers and the Citizen Army, a well organised workers defence force, trained along military lines organised a rising in Easter. It was once again a failure. The War of Independence and the Civil War: Sinn Fein, the political wing of the future IRA became by far the biggest party in Ireland elections. They in fact won seventy-three out ...

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