Communism

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originated in the West. Designed in France and Germany, it was
brought into Russia in the middle of the nineteenth century and
promptly attracted support among the country's educated, public-
minded elite, who at that time were called intelligentsia (Pipes,
21). After Revolution broke out over Europe in 1848 the modern
working class appeared on the scene as a major historical force.
However, Russia remained out of the changes that Europe was
experiencing. As a socialist movement and inclination, the
Russian Social-Democratic Party continued the traditions of all
the Russian Revolutions of the past, with the goal of conquering
political freedom (Daniels 7).
As early as 1894, when he was twenty-four, Lenin had
become a revolutionary agitator and a convinced Marxist. He
exhibited his new faith and his polemical talents in a diatribe
of that year against the peasant-oriented socialism of the
Populists led by N.K. Mikhiaiovsky (Wren, 3).
...

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a temporary
majority for his faction and seized upon the label 0Bolshevik
(Russian for Majority), while his opponents who inclined to the
soft or more democratic position became known as the Mensheviks
or minority (Daniels, 19).
Though born only in 1879, Trotsky had gained a leading
place among the Russian Social-Democrats by the time of the
Second party Congress in 1903. He represented ultra-radical
sentiment that could not reconcile itself to Lenin's stress on
the party organization. Trotsky stayed with the Menshevik
faction until he joined Lenin in 1917. From that point on, he
accommodated himself in large measure to Lenin's philosophy of
party ...

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