Genome Sequencing
Microbiology has entered the realm of . This biological revolution is opening up new dimensions in our view of life.
In 1995, a report on the entire DNA sequence for the genome of the bacteria Haemophilus influenzae was published . Although the genomes for a number of viruses had been completed before this, H. influenzae was the first free-living organism to have it's genome sequenced, and as such, this report remains a biological milestone. Since then, the entire genome sequences for over 10 microorganisms have been compiled and released and more are on their way. The completed microbial genomes include:
Haemophilus influenzae finished 1995
Mycoplasma genitalium finished ...
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that have already had their genomes sequenced, a number are of particular importance. For example, Mycoplasma genitalium has a complete nucleotide sequence that is only 580,070 base pairs long, and as such, is believed to be the smallest genome of any free-living organism. Because of it's unique size, this genome presents a way of studying a minimal functional gene set. In addition, complete genome sequencing projects are currently being carried out on a number of microbial pathogens in an attempt to better understand them. The inference of molecular structures, in particular genome sequences, have direct practical consequences in clinical microbiology. Data and analyses of clinically important microorganisms are being used to develop molecular diognostics as well as to guide research in the nature of these organisms. Information obtained from sequencing is also being used to provide enzymes for biotechnical and industrial applications.
The impact that genome sequencing has ...
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or animal in nature. In 1990, a proposal for a new, natural system of organisms was published, based on the rRNA sequencing revolution. The more recent genome sequencing era has supported this original proposal, and as a result three domains of life are currently recognised; Archaea, Bacteria, and Eucarya, as shown in the universal phylogenetic tree below.
When the first archaeal genome (Methanococcus jannaschii) was sequenced in 1996, it was found that only 44% of the genes were familiar . This phenomenal discovery justified the creation of the three domains, since all are too dissimilar to be included in the same kingdom. It is only on the molecular level that we are ...
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Genome Sequencing. (2008, July 4). Retrieved November 23, 2024, from http://www.essayworld.com/essays/Genome-Sequencing/86274
"Genome Sequencing." Essayworld.com. Essayworld.com, 4 Jul. 2008. Web. 23 Nov. 2024. <http://www.essayworld.com/essays/Genome-Sequencing/86274>
"Genome Sequencing." Essayworld.com. July 4, 2008. Accessed November 23, 2024. http://www.essayworld.com/essays/Genome-Sequencing/86274.
"Genome Sequencing." Essayworld.com. July 4, 2008. Accessed November 23, 2024. http://www.essayworld.com/essays/Genome-Sequencing/86274.
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