Germany And Its Abuse Of Chemi

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of oxygen in the body. Sternutators caused respiratory irritation, sneezing, nausea, and vomiting. Blister agents initially cause pain in the eyes, throats, and lungs, but later cause blisters on exposed skin. Germany used various chemical agents during the war, depending on the desired effect they wished to inflict on the Allies.
The primary gases used in the Great War were chlorine, phosgene, a mix of chlorine and phosgene, and mustard. Chlorine is an asphyxiating gas that causes acute bronchitis with gradual suffocation and, "those who initially survived a considerable dose generally died from pneumonia." Phosgene, another asphyxiating gas, was deadlier than chlorine because it incapacitated a solder in less than one-fourth of the time of chlorine (41 seconds vs. 240 seconds) and it required a much lower concentration to cause death. A combination of chlorine and phosgene also caused severe injuries, depending on how much of the gas a soldier breathed. People seldom died ...

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know they will choke."

Due to the devastating effects of mustard, it was known as the "King of the Gases."

Germany held the initiative concerning chemical warfare from 1915 to 1918 in almost all areas of gas warfare. Their civilian industrial base for making chemicals was already a vast institution at the start of the war. The Germans simply needed to test the effectiveness of various chemicals (and chemical combinations) and match them with a delivery system. They maintained the initiative through the introduction of new agents, improved delivery systems, and new tactics.

Although Germany held the initiative, their chemists had to work hard to stay ahead of the Allied ...

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