Mechanics: Statics And Dynamics

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the oldest of
all physical sciences. The writings of Archimedes covering bouyancy and the
lever were recorded before 200 B.C. Our modern knowledge of gravity and motion
was established by Isaac Newton (1642-1727).
Mechanics can be divided into two parts: (1) Statics, which relate to
bodies at rest, and (2) dynamics, which deal with bodies in motion. In this
paper we will explore the static dimension of mechanics and discuss the various
types of force on an object and the different strength of materials.
The term strength of materials refers to the ability of the individual
parts of a machine or structure to resist loads. It also permits the selection
of materials and the determination of dimensions to ensure the sufficient
strength of the various parts.

General Principles

Before we can venture to explain statics, one must have a firm grasp on
classical mechanics. This is the study of Newton's laws and their extensions.
Newton's three laws were originally stated as ...

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them by arrows to some suitable scale, and then forming a
parallelogram in which the diagonal represents the sum of the two forces. All
vectors must combine in this manner.
When solving static problems as represented as a triangle of force,
three common theorems are as follows:

1. Pythagorean theorem. In any right triangle, the square of the
hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares of the
two legs
2. Law of sines. In any triangle, the sides are to each other as the
sines of the opposite angle
3. Law of cosines. In any triangle, the square of any side is equal
to the ...

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