Biology Vocabulary
Chapter 3:
Developmental psychology: the study of progressive changes in behavior and abilities from conception to death.
Heredity ("nature"): transmission of physical and psychological characteristics from parents to offspring through the genes.
DNA: deoxyribonucleic acid, a molecular structure that contains coded genetic information.
Chromosomes: thread-like "colored bodies" in the nucleus of each cell that are made up of DNA.
Genes: specific areas on a strand of DNA that carry hereditary information.
Dominant gene: a gene whose influence will be expressed each time the gene is present.
Recessive gene: a gene whose influence will be expressed only when it is paired ...
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problems: problems or defects in the genes or by inherited characteristics.
Teratogen: radiation, a drug, or other substance capable of altering fetal development in nonheritable ways that cause birth defects.
Sensitive period: during development, a period of increased sensitivity to environmental influences. Also, a time during which certain events must take place for normal development to occur.
Deprivation: in development, the loss or withholding of normal stimulation, nutrition, comfort, love, and so forth; a condition of lacking.
Enrichment: in development, deliberately making an environment more stimulating, nutritional, comforting, loving, and so forth.
Reaction range: the limits environment places on the effects of heredity.
Temperament: the physical core of personality, including emotional and perceptual sensitivity, energy levels, typical mood, and so forth.
Developmental level: an individual's current state of physical, emotional, and ...
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patterns of parental caretaking and interaction with children.
Authoritarian parents: parents who enforce rigid rules and demand strict obedience to authority.
Overly permissive parents: parents who give little guidance, allow too much freedom, or do not require the child to take responsibility.
Authoritative parents: parents who supply firm and consistent guidance combined with love and affection.
Maternal influences: the aggregate of all psychological effects mothers have on their children.
Paternal influences: the aggregate of all psychological effects fathers have on their children.
Biological predisposition: the presumed hereditary readiness of humans to learn ...
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