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Clean Coal Technologies - School Essays

Clean Coal Technologies


Coal is the most abundant fossil fuel and also regarded, as the dirtiest not only is coal inherently impure by composition by the fact that it contains ash and sulfur; coal is also difficult to burn completely. Many techniques to combust coal have been developed since the late 1800's. "The first innovation were more concerned with achieving more complete combustion and reducing manual labor than they were with pollution and economic" (Ruzie 1)
The history of coal can be dated back around 400 million years ago. "When coal was formed, the earth was covered with swamps. Plants died and the remains settled to the bottom of the swampy area creating layers of soggy dense material called peat. ...

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(Bartow 1) The second type of coal is Bituminous or soft coal. It's the most plentiful type of coal in the States, and is mainly found in the eastern and middle part of the North American continent. Bituminous coal is primary used to generate electricity, and has a carbon content of 45 to 86 percent and a heat value of 10,500 to 15,000 Btu's. Sub-bituminous coal rank just below bituminous coal with 35 to 45 percent carbon content. The heat value of Sub-bituminous coal is between 8,300 and 13,000 Btu's per pound. It can be found in the western parts of the states. Lignite the lowest carbon content then the others "it usually has a brownish-black in color and often shows a distinct woody structure"(Encarta 97) The heat value of lignite ranges between 4,000 and 8,300 Btu's. As with Bituminous, Lignite is also used to generate electricity (Bartow 1).
What are ? is a new way that allows coal to be burned more efficiently, with reduced emissions of sulfur and nitrogen oxides, while ...

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improvements in design and use repowering. Advanced combustion processes are the most efficient coal technologies available for new power plant construction. The third stage is Postcombustion. Because some air-pollution-control device that uses a spray of water to trap pollutants and to cool emissions are incapable of removing Nitrogen, postcombustion technologies are being developed for retrofit applications. Unlike combustion technologies, postcombustion technologies target existing power plants exceeding emissions restrictions. Designed to remove sulfur and nitrogen after the coal has been burned, they are typically installed on the stacks of power plants In most cases, these ...

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PAPER DETAILS
Added: 12/3/2004 03:51:30 AM
Category: Science & Nature
Type: Premium Paper
Words: 1551
Pages: 6

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