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Freezing Point - College Term Papers

Freezing Point

, temperature at which a liquid congeals into the solid state
at a given pressure (see PRESSURE; TEMPERATURE).
The of a pure (unmixed) liquid is essentially the same as
the melting point of the same substance in its solid form and may be
regarded as the temperature at which the solid and liquid states of the
substance are in equilibrium. If heat is applied to a mixture of liquid and
solid substance at its freezing point, the temperature of the substance
remains constant until it has become completely liquefied, because the heat
is absorbed not in warming the substance but in providing the latent heat
of fusion. Similarly, if heat is abstracted from a mixture of liquid and
solid substance ...

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A liquid may
remain in this supercooled state for some time. This phenomenon is
explained by molecular theory, which conceives the molecules of a solid as
being well ordered and the molecules of a liquid as being disordered. To
solidify, a liquid must have a nucleus (a point of molecular orderliness)
around which the disordered molecules can crystallize. The formation of a
nucleus is a matter of chance, but once a nucleus forms, the supercooled
liquid will solidify rapidly. The freezing point of a solution is lower
than the freezing point of the pure solvent before introduction of the
solute (substance dissolved).

The amount that the freezing point is lowered depends on the molecular
concentration of the solute and on whether the solution is an electrolyte.
Nonelectrolytic solutions have higher freezing points for a given
concentration of solute than do electrolytes. The molecular weight of an
unknown or unidentified substance may be determined by measuring the amount
by which ...

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Freezing Point. (2007, April 11). Retrieved November 23, 2024, from http://www.essayworld.com/essays/Freezing-Point/63198

"Freezing Point." Essayworld.com. Essayworld.com, 11 Apr. 2007. Web. 23 Nov. 2024. <http://www.essayworld.com/essays/Freezing-Point/63198>

"Freezing Point." Essayworld.com. April 11, 2007. Accessed November 23, 2024. http://www.essayworld.com/essays/Freezing-Point/63198.

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PAPER DETAILS

Added: 4/11/2007 02:28:51 PM
Category: Science & Nature
Type: Premium Paper
Words: 510
Pages: 2

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