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Gallium - Essay

Gallium

1871 Dmitrii Ivanovich Mendelev predicts the existance and properties of the
element after zinc in the periodic table. He Gives it the name "eka aluminium".
1875 Paul Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran discovers . Its properties closely
match those predicted by Mendelev.

Gallium, atomic number 31, is very similar to aluminum in its chemical
properties. It does not dissolve in nitric acid because of the protective film
of gallium oxide that is formed over the surface by the action of the acid.
Gallium does however dissolve in other acids, and alkalies.

Gallium was discovered (1875) by Paul Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran, who
observed its principal spectral lines while examining material seperated ...

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white and soft enough to be cut with a knife, gallium takes on a
bluish tinge because of superficial oxidation. Unusual for its low melting
point ( about 30 degrees C, 86 degrees F ), gallium also expands upon
solidification and supercools readily, remaining a liquid at temperatures as
low as 0 degrees C ( 32 degrees F ).

Gallium has the longest usefull liquid range of any element. The liquid
metal clings to glass and similar surfaces. The crystal structure of gallium
is orthorhombic. Natural gallium consists of a mixture of two stable isotopes:
gallium-69 ( 60.4 percent ) and gallium-71 (39.6 percent ).

Somewhat similar to aluminum chemically, gallium slowly oxidizes in
moist air until a protective film forms, and it becomes passive in cold nitric
acid.

Gallium has been considered as a possible heat-exchange medium in
nuclear reactors, although it has a high neutron cross section. Radioactive
gallium-72 shows some promise in the study of bone cancer; a compound of ...

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Gallium. (2008, September 6). Retrieved December 23, 2024, from http://www.essayworld.com/essays/Gallium/89487

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PAPER DETAILS

Added: 9/6/2008 01:35:32 AM
Category: Science & Nature
Type: Premium Paper
Words: 487
Pages: 2

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