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History And Development Of Computer - College Essay

History And Development Of Computer

HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF COMPUTER

First Generation (1945-1956)

With the onset of the Second World War, governments sought to develop computers to exploit their potential strategic importance. This increased funding for computer development projects hastened technical progress. By 1941 German engineer Konrad Zuse [HYPERLINK: http://ei.cs.vt.edu/%7Ehistory/Zuse.html] had developed a computer, the Z3, to design airplanes [HYPERLINK: http://aero.stanford.edu/] and missiles. The Allied forces, however, made greater strides in developing powerful computers. In 1943, the British completed a secret code-breaking computer called Colossus [HYPERLINK: ...

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with IBM, succeeded in producing an all-electronic calculator by 1944. The purpose of the computer was to create ballistic charts for the U.S. Navy [HYPERLINK: http://www.navy.mil/]. It was about half as long as a football field and contained about 500 miles of wiring. The Harvard-IBM Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator, or Mark I for short, was a electronic relay computer. It used electromagnetic signals to move mechanical parts. The machine was slow (taking 3-5 seconds per calculation) and inflexible (in that sequences of calculations could not change); but it could perform basic arithmetic as well as more complex equations.

Another computer development spurred by the war was the Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer (ENIAC [HYPERLINK: http://ei.cs.vt.edu/%7Ehistory/ENIAC.1.GIF]), produced by a partnership between the U.S. government and the University of Pennsylvania [HYPERLINK: http://www.upenn.edu:80/]. Consisting of 18,000 vacuum tubes, 70,000 resistors and 5 ...

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unit, which allowed all computer functions to be coordinated through a single source. In 1951, the UNIVAC I [HYPERLINK: http://www.cc.gatech.edu/services/unisys-folklore/] (Universal Automatic Computer), built by Remington Rand, became one of the first commercially available computers to take advantage of these advances. Both the U.S. Census Bureau [HYPERLINK: http://www.census.gov/] and General Electric [HYPERLINK: http://www.ge.com/] owned UNIVACs. One of UNIVAC's impressive early achievements was predicting the winner of the 1952 presidential election, Dwight D. Eisenhower [HYPERLINK: http://history.cc.ukans.edu/heritage/abilene/ikectr.html].

First generation computers were ...

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PAPER DETAILS
Added: 8/2/2014 08:51:47 PM
Submitted By: inemesit
Category: Computers
Type: Premium Paper
Words: 2912
Pages: 11

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