Japanese Arts
This chapter discusses the arts of Japan from the Jomon culture of 3000 B.C. through the Western influences of the late 19th century with emphasis on architecture. It chronicles the history of garden design, sculpture, painting, and printmaking in addition to architecture.
In the architecture of Japan, the scarcity of stone is responsible for the development of wooden construction (Tansey, Kleiner 530). The earliest dwellings in the native Japanese style were constructed entirely of wood fitted together in a mortise and tenon system with thatched roofs as seen in the Ise Shrine, a third century type building (Tansey, Kleiner 531). By the seventh and eighth centuries Japan followed the ...
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in Japan (Tansey, Kleiner 537). Like its name, the design of the building with its wide multiple roofs resembles a flying bird. The slim columns and the reflection from the pond add to the illusion of flight (Tansey, Kleiner 537).
Beginning in the twelfth century the Zen tea ceremony became very popular and gave rise to teahouse architecture. This architecture focused on simplicity and nature (Tansey, Kleiner 541). It usually had rectangular rooms with limited furniture. The walls of paper screens opened to a carefully designed garden. The simplicity of the house and garden was meant to inspire meditation (Tansey, Kleiner 546). By the fifteenth century the teahouse became regarded as the traditional Japanese dwelling (Tansey, Kleiner 542). The fifteenth and sixteenth centuries are also known for huge palaces and castles built for dictators who employed the use of sliding panels and large screens as illustrated by the Katsura Palace, which was built over a period of fifty years, ...
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with the institution of the tea ceremony. For example, the many acres of casual gardens at the Katsura Palace were carefully planned to blend with the structure. As noted, the sliding screens (shoji) allowed a close integration of the building with its natural setting (Tansey, Kleiner 544). Japanese gardens are intended to be retreats where landscape pictures are created to achieve a sense of balance, proportion and harmony (Tansey, Kleiner 545). Often an element of surprise is implemented using steppingstones, paths and shrubbery walls to create a designed view.
An earlier type of garden design in Japan, the Zen rock gardens developed in the thirteenth century, consisted of stone ...
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Japanese Arts. (2004, August 2). Retrieved November 22, 2024, from http://www.essayworld.com/essays/Japanese-Arts/12000
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"Japanese Arts." Essayworld.com. August 2, 2004. Accessed November 22, 2024. http://www.essayworld.com/essays/Japanese-Arts/12000.
"Japanese Arts." Essayworld.com. August 2, 2004. Accessed November 22, 2024. http://www.essayworld.com/essays/Japanese-Arts/12000.
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