Object-Oriented Database Management Systems

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operational or under development today share a
set of fundamental object-oriented concepts. Therefore the implementation
issues in OODBMSs that arise due to these concepts are universal. The
third characteristic is that of experimental activity. Plenty of
prototypes have been implemented and some !

of them became commercial products. There is really a need for
applications to handle very complex data and that is why the interest of
people in building such systems is so strong.

Although there is no consensus on what an OODBMS is and which are the
features that differentiate it from other systems, there has been a lot of
effort for an agreement on defining the formal characteristics that can
stand as the set of specification requirements for the construction of such
a system. These should also be used as the set of features that one has to
check in order to find out if a system is really an OODBMS. The features
of the OODBMS can be divided as follows:

* mandatory ...

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constructors that a system must have
is: set (to represent unordered collections of real world objects), list
(to represent ordered collections of real world objects), tuple (to
represent properties of real world objects). A system that supports
composite objects and therefore constructors for their building, should
also support operators for the retrieval, insertion, and deletion of their
component objects. That means that the database language should be
extended in a way that these operators will be included.

The identity of an object is what makes it different from all the other
objects. This allows the objects to be independent of their values.
Therefore the notion of identical ...

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