Tension in the 20's and Manifestation

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through their sophisticated use of new media outlets such as the radio. Ironically, modernism shaped the religious resurgence in the 1920s. MacPherson’s revivals were known for having “sex appeal” and being a form of “supernatural whoopee.” (Doc I) Even the fundamentalist movement was shaped by the new trends in the United States. The presidencies of Harding, Coolidge, and Hoover maintained the practice of traditional Protestantism in the White House, but that did not prevent national upheaval over the brand of religion propagated by Sunday and MacPherson.
The introduction of the theory of evolution into the high school curriculum awoke the sleeping giant of fundamentalist Christianity and created tension over the separation of church and state. Evolution versus creationism became a metaphor for the much larger religious debate in the United States. The Scopes Monkey trial demonstrated the religious tension of the era. Creationism was defended by the former populist ...

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the loyalty of new immigrants to the country. Catholics were feared to obey the Pope, instead of the president. Jews were believed to carry with them the radical ideologies their Russian homeland, as exemplified in the case of Emma Goldman and Alexander Berkman.
White fears were not assuaged by political domination. The KKK’s presence served to intimidate blacks, Jews, and Catholics who strove for political representation, or even just urban integration. Lynchings occurred in almost every state in the 1920s, not just in the traditional south. The Palmer Raids of 1919 & 1920 set the standard as the zenith of xenophobic hysteria. Groups such as the KKK and the 100% Americanism ...

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