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The Family of Schistosomidae - Online Term Paper

The Family of Schistosomidae

Background Information:

In the family of schistosomidae, there are 14 genera, 9 of which have avian definitive hosts, and the others infect other hosts such as crocodiles, or mammals. The parasite discussed in this case study could include Trichobilharzia, which has an avian definitive host and has been known to cause swimmer's itch in humans. Trichobilharzia is the largest genus within the family schistosomatidae. As climate change is increasing, by 2050, we expect this tropical parasite to be seen more frequently in locations that could affect us. Swimmer's itch occurs when snails release larvae into the water, cercariae then are released from the snail into the water and penetrate ...

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develop into adult in the human making the disease more devastating, which will be discussed further on.

Recommend immediate short-term measures:

* Introduction of public hygiene programs emphasizing the importance of taking showers after swimming or educating people not to swim in contaminated waters containing where there are snails and cercariae.

* Water treatment

* Snail control with molluscisides. Molluscisides kill all of the freshwater snails.

* Praziquantel: Since the parasite jumps to humans, it is assumed that it has acquired the ability to develop into adult worms in the human host. Because of this, praziquantel is very effective for schistosomes in a single dose intake. It works by increasing calcium permeability in the adult worm, causing contraction of all of its muscles leading to paralysation which allows to be washed out of the blood in circulation and makes the worm more susceptible to host immune defensives.

The introduction of public hygiene ...

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are made.

According to the Schistosoma mansoni experiment published in the Parasitology Today, skin stage juvenile parasites were found to be susceptible to killing by both ADCC and CMI. However, when taking juveniles from the lungs and adults from egg laying stage, both were resistant to either killing method in vitro. Using a mouse model, when cercariae first infected the mouse, approximately 40% of the juvenile skin stage parasites were killed. 60% survived and migrated to the lungs where they became adults. It is evident that Th1 response is playing a role in the initial infection. Researchers then took eggs from mouse, injected them into a naive mouse and several weeks ...

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The Family of Schistosomidae. (2013, June 1). Retrieved December 23, 2024, from http://www.essayworld.com/essays/The-Family-of-Schistosomidae/102727
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PAPER DETAILS
Added: 6/1/2013 04:43:42 PM
Submitted By: aklinard
Category: Science & Nature
Type: Premium Paper
Words: 3114
Pages: 12

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