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Down Syndrome 4 - College Paper

Down Syndrome 4


Down syndrome is a chromosomal abnormality. It is the most frequent
form of mental retardation and is characterised by well-defined, distinctive
phenotypic features and natural history. An error in cell development results
in forty-seven chromosomes rather than the usual forty-six. There are three
major types of Down syndrome. About ninety-five percent of individuals with
Down syndrome have Trisomy 21. There is also Translocation and
Mosaicism. Down syndrome can also be referred to as Mongolism, the
condition is named for John Langdon Down. Down was the superintendent of
an asylum for children with mental retardation in Surrey, England when he
made the first distinction between ...

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is called "Down's" in Europe.
In the first part of the twentieth century, there was much speculation of
the cause of Down syndrome. The first people to speculate that it might be
due to chromosomal abnormalities were Waardenberg and Bleyer in the
1930s. But it wasn't until 1959 that Jerome Lejeune and Patricia Jacobs,
working independently, first determined the cause to be trisomy of the 21st
chromosome. Cases of Down syndrome due to translocation and mosaicism
were described over the next three years.
The estimated incidence of Down syndrome is between 1 in 1,000 to 1
in 1,100 live births. Each year approximately 3,000 to 5,000 children are born
with this chromosome disorder. It is believed there are about 250,000 families
in the United States who are affected by Down syndrome.

Mode of Inheritance
Although many theories have been developed, it is not known what
actually causes Down syndrome. Some professionals believe that hormonal
abnormalities (X-rays, ...

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PAPER DETAILS
Added: 8/27/2006 04:01:42 PM
Category: Science & Nature
Type: Premium Paper
Words: 1135
Pages: 5

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