The Evolution Of The Eye
is examined by comparing optical designs of the eyes of present day animals and comparing the advantages and disadvantages of each design. One can extrapolate from the eye designs of today that these eyes may have benefited the animals to be able to adapt to their environment. It is interesting to note that of the myriad of species that have evolved, there are several different eye designs, instead of one or two successfully dominant designs. One argument for such a diversity of eyes is that one kind of eye would not easily evolve into another because it would have to go through intermediate designs that are either entirely useless or much worse than the original design (Nilsson, ...
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have evolved the way that they have, we must also understand the environment in which animals have needed to adapt to.
The theory of lens design has two basic models. The convex lens, or plus lens, is known as a converging lens. When light passes through this lens, it is bent toward the optical axis, which is the direction in which the light was traveling, and is generally perpendicular to the optical element. Depending on the power of the lens, the light that passes through it will come to a focal point at some distance beyond it. Once the light is focused to a point, the light will then spread apart and begin to diverge. The image created before the focal point will be right side up. Conversely, beyond the focal point the image will be inverted or upside down (see figure 1). This is known as a real image. The concave, or minus lens, is known as a diverging lens. When light passes through this lens, it will bend away from the optical axis. It has an imaginary ...
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camera. It has an iris which will open and close involuntarily depending on the ambient lighting conditions. In bright light, the iris closes, although not completely, this helps to protect the cells on the retina from being overwhelmed with intense light. If you have ever looked at the sun for a brief moment, looked at the torch of an arc welder, or look into the beam of a laser, you will quickly notice this intensity. Colored spots will form in the middle of your vision until those particular cells can recover from the intense light. Serious damage can be done to your retina if you do not look away in time.
In addition to the iris, a lens held behind the cornea by ...
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"The Evolution Of The Eye." Essayworld.com. October 31, 2006. Accessed December 23, 2024. http://www.essayworld.com/essays/The-Evolution-Of-The-Eye/54867.
"The Evolution Of The Eye." Essayworld.com. October 31, 2006. Accessed December 23, 2024. http://www.essayworld.com/essays/The-Evolution-Of-The-Eye/54867.
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