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Thoeries Of Evolution - Online Term Paper

Thoeries Of Evolution


Evolution is the process by which living organisms originated on earth
and have changed their forms to adapt to the changing environment. The earliest
known fossil organisms are the single-celled forms resembling modern bacteria;
they date from about 3.4 billion years ago. Evolution has resulted in
successive radiations of new types of organisms, many of which have become
extinct, but some of which have developed into the present fauna and flora of
the world (Wilson 17).
Evolution has been studied for nearly two centuries. One of the
earliest evolutionists was Jean Baptiste de Lamarck, who argued that the
patterns of resemblance found in various creatures arose through ...

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processes was proposed by
Charles Darwin. His most famous book, On the Origin of Species by Means of
Natural Selection (1859), is a landmark in human understanding of nature.
Pointing to variability within species, Darwin observed that while offspring
inherit a resemblance to their parents, they are not identical to them. He
further noted that some of the differences between offspring and parents were
not due soley to the environment but were themselves often inheritable. Animal
breeders were often able to change the characteristics of domestic animals by
selecting for reproduction those individuals with the most desirable qualities.
Darwin reasoned that, in nature, individuals with qualities that made them
better adjusted to their environments or gave them higher reproductive
capacities would tend to leave more offspring; such individuals were said to
have higher fitness. Because more individuals are born than survive to breed,
constant winnowing of the less fit-a natural ...

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accumulationof favorable mutation changes. Natural selection was
reduced to a minor role by mutationist such as Vries. Morgan, and Bates.
While mutation was replacing Darwinism, the leading evolutionary theory,
the science of population genetics was being founded by Sewall Wright, J.B.S.
Haldine, and several other geneticists, all working independantly. They
developed arguments to show that even when a mutation that is immediately
favored appears, its subsequent spread within a population depends on such
variables as the following:

the size of the population
the length of generations
the degree to which the mutation is favorable
...

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Thoeries Of Evolution. (2006, June 10). Retrieved December 23, 2024, from http://www.essayworld.com/essays/Thoeries-Of-Evolution/47295
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"Thoeries Of Evolution." Essayworld.com. June 10, 2006. Accessed December 23, 2024. http://www.essayworld.com/essays/Thoeries-Of-Evolution/47295.
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PAPER DETAILS
Added: 6/10/2006 04:28:09 AM
Category: Science & Nature
Type: Premium Paper
Words: 1798
Pages: 7

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